Part One: Basics — Meet The Fastener Family

I. The 5 Most Common Fasteners

Bolts

• What: Head + threaded shank.
• Use: Goes through holes, tightened with a nut. Removable.
• Example: Engine parts, steel buildings.

 

Screws

• What: Like bolts, but often sharper threads.
• Use: Screws directly into material. No nut needed.
• Example: Phone case, furniture hinges.

 

Nuts

• What: Small block with a threaded hole.
• Use: Pairs with a bolt to clamp things together.

 

Washers

• What: Flat metal ring.
• Use: Goes under the nut/bolt head. Spreads load, prevents damage, or locks.

 

Rivets

• What: Head + cylindrical body.
• Use: Permanent connection. Must be broken to remove.
• Example: Airplane skin, toolbox.

 

II. Thread Types: Coarse vs. Fine

• Coarse Thread: Standard. Bigger pitch, strong, tolerates dirt/damage well. Most common.
• Fine Thread: Smaller pitch. Locks better, resists vibration. But easier to damage.

 

III. Common Material

• Carbon Steel: Mainstream, cost-effective.
• Low carbon: For regular screws.
• Alloy steel: Heat-treated for high-strength bolts (Grade 10.9/12.9).
• Stainless Steel: Naturally rust-resistant. Bright finish. For kitchens, outdoors.
• Brass: Good for electricity, non-sparking, decorative. For electronics.